Ko te hangarau patu huakita ultraviolet (UV) te tino tohunga mō te maimoatanga wai me te hau i ngā tekau tau e rua kua pahure ake nei, nā tōna kaha ki te whakarato maimoatanga me te kore e whakamahi i ngā matū kino.

Ko te UV e tohu ana i ngā roangaru e taka ana i waenga i te mārama e kitea ana me te hihi-X i runga i te whānuitanga hikohiko. Ka taea te wehewehe anō i te whānuitanga UV ki UV-A, UV-B, UV-C, me te UV-Vea. Ko te wāhanga UV-C e tohu ana i ngā roangaru mai i te 200 nm ki te 280 nm, te roangaru e whakamahia ana i roto i ā mātou hua patu huakita LED.
Ka uru ngā hihi UV-C ki roto i ngā pūtau, ka pakaru te waikawa karihi, ka kore ai e taea te whakaputa uri, ka kore rānei e mahi i roto i te koiora moroiti. Ka puta tēnei tukanga i roto i te taiao; ka tukuna e te rā ngā hihi UV e mahi ana i tēnei ara.

I te wāhi makariri, ka whakamahia e mātou ngā Diode Whakaputa Marama (LED) hei whakaputa i ngā taumata tiketike o ngā photon UV-C. Ka tukuna ngā hihi ki ngā huaketo, ki ngā huakita me ētahi atu mate urutā i roto i te wai me te hau, ki runga rānei i ngā mata hei whakakore i aua mate urutā i roto i ngā hēkona.

Pērā i te hurihanga o ngā ahumahi whakaatu me te rama e ngā LED, kua rite te hangarau UV-C LED ki te whakarato i ngā otinga hou, kua whakapaitia, kua whānuitia hoki mō te maimoatanga hau me te wai. Kei te wātea inaianei te parenga ā-rua, te tiakitanga muri-tātari i ngā wāhi kāore i taea te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha mercury i mua.

Kātahi ka taea te whakauru i ēnei rama LED ki roto i ngā pūnaha maha hei rongoā i te wai, te hau, me ngā mata. Ka mahi tahi hoki ēnei pūnaha me te takai rama LED hei whakamarara i te wera me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te tukanga patu huakita.